Gimp DocumentationThe Brush Dynamics was covered by an excellent video in the Paintbrush tutorial
view link as well as "Brush Tools, Common Features" documentation.
Airbrush Information from a digital artist ~Griatch
The real-world airbrush is a pen-looking device that holds colour in a little cup and pushes it as an aerosol through its nozzle by use of a stream of air from a compressor. The effect is in some ways similar to that you get from a spraycan, but a professional airbrush allows minute control of spray size and flow rate by tilting and turning a knob on the top of the pen.
While most think the airbrush should only create "fuzzy" shapes, this really comes down to how small the spray is and how much flow goes through it; it is capable of needle sharp lines if required.
In GIMP, the amount of colour flowing through the (virtual) device is controlled by the Rate and Pressure sliders at the bottom of the tool options. Choose some decent Rate and Pressure, use my values if you want. This is much a matter of testing out things. Go with my settings if you like. Note the 50% opacity set for the tool. This is a very useful setting and personally I never use the airbrush with any higher opacity than this (rather I'd go even lower, actually). Using the paintbrush with a fuzzy brush (like the one we created in the previous section) is a sure way to make the outcome really fuzzy.
The airbrush tool is excellent for colour blends of all sorts, but by varying the rate and pressure it can be used for essentially the same things as the paintbrush.
Videos
I am very disappointed in not finding any new videos about the airbrush tool. We have seen this tool briefly shown in previous videos in some of the other brush tool tutorials. Most of the videos I have seen about the airbrush shows an artist rapidly running through a painting with no or little explanation of the tool's settings etc. I will keep my eyes open for further information we can post here. If you find something useful please post it here.
Abstract Art via AirbrushWhenever I can not find much useful information on a Gimp tool I begin to play with it in order to learn as much as possible about the tool. I started with a blank canvas and ended up with the image below. Through playing I found out that by holding the airbrush in one spot in the gradient and grain mode I was creating gradient circles. By playing with the rate and pressure slides and different gradients I was able to come up with something that reminds me of the 60's! ;-) Everything was done with the airbrush, it was enhanced with the edge detector filter and the curve bend filter. Now I know this is not great art here but it is a great way to learn.